What is meant by groundwater?

Groundwater refers specifically to the subsurface water that is present in the pores and fractures of soil and rock formations. It is the water that fills the spaces in soil and rock, making these formations saturated. Groundwater plays a crucial role in the water cycle and is a significant source of drinking water, irrigation, and industrial use.

This term contrasts with other forms of water, such as surface water found in lakes and rivers, or precipitation collected from rain. Groundwater is stored underground and is accessed through wells and springs. Understanding groundwater is essential for managing water resources and ensuring the sustainability of on-site sewage facilities, as they often rely on groundwater for their proper functioning and treatment of wastewater.