What does the angle of repose refer to in relation to soil?

The angle of repose pertains to the maximum angle at which soil can remain stable without sliding or collapsing. This angle is crucial for understanding how soil behaves on slopes and is influenced by factors such as soil type, moisture content, and compaction. When soil is placed at an angle greater than its angle of repose, gravity can cause it to slide, leading to potential erosion or landslides.

The concept is highly significant in fields such as geotechnical engineering and construction because it helps in determining safe slopes for excavation and earthworks, ensuring that structures are built on stable ground. The angle closest to perpendicular at which soil remains at rest accurately defines the angle of repose and highlights its importance in soil stability assessments.